Thrombocytopenia

Thrombocytopenia Overview

Thrombocytopenia is a condition in which there are too few platelets, the cells that are produced in the bone marrow that are needed for clotting.

What causes Thrombocytopenia?

Thrombocytopenia can be caused by infections in the fetus or in a newborn such as rubella, syphilis, and bacterial or viral infections. Can also develop when a mothers antibodies against the baby’s platelets. It can also be caused by certain types of medication that is taken by the mother or baby.

Why is it a Concern?

Without enough platelets there may be bleeding in the child’s tissues. Bruising of the skin may also occur. With bleeding the red blood cells break down bilirubin, causing jaundice. A hemorrhage or excessive bleeding can be very dangerous and can affect the brain and other body systems. 

What are the symptoms of Thrombocytopenia?

Each child may experience symptoms differently, however symptoms may include:
• Bruising, or signs or small red spots on the skin
• Signs of bleeding in other body systems
• Jaundice
The symptoms may resemble other conditions or medical problems.

Diagnosis

A physical examination and complete family medical history would be required for an accurate diagnosis. The physician would then send blood to a laboratory for accurate testing.

Treatment

Treatment would be determined by the child’s physician based on:
• Child’s gestational age, overall health and medical history
• The extent of the disease
• The Child’s tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies
• Expectations for the course of the disease
• The parents opinion or preference
The treatment will often depend on the cause of the thrombocytopenia and blood transfusion platelets may be needed.

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